Case-Control Studies

What are case-control studies and why are they important?


Key Points

  • A case-control study is a type of observational study. Observational studies do not involve any intervention or action to change the course of the illness. 
  • Case-control studies are designed to understand if a certain exposure (for example tobacco) is associated with developing a disease or condition (such as lung cancer).
  • Study participants are selected based on whether they have the disease or condition of interest.  If they do have the disease or condition, they are called cases.  If they do not have the disease or condition, they are called controls


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